What is a wireless router?

Everyday, people read about routers, wireless routers, data switches. All those devices are quite similar, but there are some differences between them. This article will describe the basic differences, and the different types of computer routers will be explained.

What it is

A router is a device that connects between two different communication protocols. It is a "translator" of data between different message "languages". Typically, routers are used to link several devices (computers, printers, network storage...) through Ethernet, WiFi, ADSL or standard modem communication. The user does not need to know how all devices are connected, the only important point is to connect properly to the router. In this connection, the router will have presence, too, as one added device. It can be accessed, for example, for configuration of allowed communication protocols. On the contrary, data switches will act as passive devices with a single communication protocol. They are used to connect several devices locally, for example, to work in a local network in an office without access to the outside. Of course, the switch can be connected to a router, using a single port for all connected devices.

The types of routers

With the above basics, two main types of routers can be found currently in the market: - ADSL routers, which allow for several computers to connect to the Internet through their standard Ethernet (LAN) port. These are typically referred to as broadband ADSL routers. Furthermore, many ADSL routers include wireless communication, too, so that WiFi access is also provided. In this case, those are called WiFi routers (but usually cable connection is also available). - USB routers, which are gaining market share rapidly. These are plugged directly to a free USB port of the computer or laptop, and they include a SIM card plus all needed hardware to connect to the Internet. Internet connection is then provided without the need of a free Ethernet port in the computer. Already obsolete, there are also modem routers, to connect to the Internet via standard telephone line. Those are an evolution of the original modems. However, modem networking is quite limited by the practical bandwidth of this communication. Current applications may be limited to remote control in industrial environments.